Lincoln franks letter from M. S. Marsh to his brother in New Hampshire. Marsh writes that Lincoln is very careless in leaving office open and unattended, and that he could have charged double postage he marked on cover of recent letter. But Lincoln, says Marsh, would not have done that even if he had noticed incorrect amount.Photocopy.

[McLean County Circuit Court opens three-day session in Bloomington. Judge Logan presides. Record.]

Representing several plaintiffs in the Sangamon County Circuit Court, Lincoln files a declaration, praecipe, and bond in Billon v. White; a declaration, praecipe, and bond in VonPhul & McGill v. Porter; an affidavit in H.T. Foster & Co. v. Lockerman; a declaration in Harrison v. Simmons; and declarations, praecipes, and bonds in Rupert & Lindenberger v. Garrett and Rupert & Lindenberger v. H. Garrett & Co.Herndon-Weik Collection, Library of Congress, Washington, DC; Photocopy.

Lincoln writes, signs, and files declaration in Sangamon Circuit Court, for plaintiff, in VanBergen v. Neale. [Neale and James D. Henry borrowed $59.40 at 50 per cent a year interest, at time of enlistment in Black Hawk War, April 1832. Henry became general and war hero. His death March 5, 1834 left Neale responsible for note.] He writes conditional title bond executed between Daniel Ragsdale and Joseph W. Hornsby.Photocopy.

Lincoln draws up and files plaintiff's demurrer to defendant's pleas in Perkins v. Hall. He signs name of Jesse B. Thomas to demurrer as attorney for defendant. He writes amendment to bill in Wilson v. Alexander.Photocopy.

Arriving in Alton at 11 A.M., Lincoln and friends cross Mississippi to duelling ground. Shields and party follow. Without Shields' knowledge, "his friends withdraw his first note to Lincoln, whose friends then read Lincoln's apology, and the duel is called off."Sangamo Journal, 14 October 1842; Beveridge, Abraham Lincoln, 1:352; Missouri Republican, 3 October 1842; Register, 4 November 1842.

Lincoln draws $20 from auditor for Chief Justice William Wilson and $30 for William A. Denning as state's attorney of Third Circuit.Photocopy.

Lincoln deposits $5, his half of fee from "Miller."Irwin Ledger.

[Livingston County Circuit Court meets in Pontiac for one-day term.]

Whigs hold huge mass meeting at Tremont Temple. Seward is principal orator. He is followed by Lincoln who "spoke about an hour, and made a powerful and convincing speech. . . . The audience then gave three hearty cheers for `old Zack,' three more for Governor Seward, and three more for Mr. Lincoln, and then adjourned; thus ended one of the best meetings ever held in this good Whig city."Boston Atlas, 23 September 1848.

Atchison for use of Allen v. Pekin, Illinois, and Hamilton v. Pekin, Illinois, continued at Apr. term, are again continued. (See May 3, 1853.) Record.

Lincoln writes notice to Oldham & Hemingway, stating that he will take depositions in their suit against him from John T. Stuart at Springfield November 12, 1853, from H. E. Dummer and others at Beardstown November 15, 1853, and from William F. Thornton and others at Shelbyville November 8, 1853. Notice to Thomas Hemingway and Edward Oldham, 22 September 1853, CW, 2:204.

[Lincoln visits points of interest in Cincinnati. One such is estate of Nicholas Longworth, where he becomes interested in grounds and conservatories. He meets Longworth, who has no idea of his visitor's identity. William M. Dickson, "Abraham Lincoln at Cincinnati," Harper's New Monthly Magazine, 69 (June 1884):62.]

Knox continues his argument throughout morning. In afternoon Lincoln commences and speaks for balance of day. Chicago Press, 23 September 1857, 24 September 1857; Speech to the Jury in the Rock Island Bridge Case, Chicago, Illinois, 22 September 1857, CW, 2:415-22.

Lincoln speaks. "We had a fine and altogether satisfactory meeting," he writes next day. Abraham Lincoln to Norman B. Judd, 23 September 1858, CW, 3:202.

Lincoln writes instructions to jury in Fairchild v. Capps & St. Clair. Photocopy.

[Mrs. Lincoln buys two pairs boys' boots at Smith's store. Pratt, Personal Finances, 159.]

Lincoln writes five brief letters on politics. "It all looks very favorable to our success," he tells A. G. Henry of Oregon. "No one, this side of the mountains, pretends that any ticket can be elected by the People, unless it be ours." Abraham Lincoln to Anson G. Henry, 22 September 1860, CW, 4:118; Abraham Lincoln to Mrs. M. J. Green, 22 September 1860, CW, 4:118; Abraham Lincoln to Charles C. Nott, 22 September 1860, CW, 4:118-19; Abraham Lincoln to G. Yoke Tams, 22 September 1860, CW, 4:119; Abraham Lincoln to John Van Dyke, 22 September 1860, CW, 4:119-20.

President receives telegram from Gov. Morton (Ind.) and forwards it to Gen. Fremont: "Owensboro, 40 miles above Evansville, in possession of secessionists. Green river is navigable. Owensboro, must be seized. We want a gunboat sent up from Paducah for that purpose." Abraham Lincoln to John C. Fremont, 22 September 1861, CW, 4:533.

Explains in letter to Sen. Browning (Ill.) that Gen. Fremont's proclamation as to confiscation of property and liberation of slaves "is purely political." Abraham Lincoln to Orville H. Browning, 22 September 1861, CW, 4:531-33.

At special cabinet meeting with all members present Lincoln reads chapter, "High Handed Outrage at Utica," from book by "Artemus Ward" (Charles Farrar Browne), before reading preliminary Emancipation Proclamation and announcing his decision to issue it. Early opposition of Secretaries Stanton and Chase is overcome. Proclamation provides: That on the first day of January 1863 all persons held as slaves within any state in rebellion against U.S. shall be forever free. President will designate states in rebellion on January 1, 1863. Army and navy personnel are prohibited by Act of March 13, 1862, from returning fugitive slaves. The act to suppress insurrection, approved July 17, 1862, provides that: 1. Escaped slaves and those in territory occupied by forces of U.S. shall be free. 2. Run-away slaves will not be delivered up except for crime or claim of lawful owner under oath that he has not borne arms against government. Executive will recommend that loyal citizens be compensated for all losses by acts of U.S., including loss of slaves. Welles, Diary; Salmon P. Chase, Diary and Correspondence of Salmon P. Chase, Compiled by Samuel H. Dodson, American Historical Association, Annual Report for the Year 1902, vol. 2 (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1903); Randall, Lincoln, 2:159; Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, 22 September 1862, CW, 5:433-36.

Detective A. Pinkerton pays Lincoln personal visit. LL, No. 1281.

At 9 p.m. band serenades President at White House. Welles, Diary.

Lincoln writes testimonial: "Dr. [Isachar] Zacharie has operated on my feet with great success, and considerable addition to my comfort." Testimonial for Isachar Zacharie, 22 September 1862, CW, 5:436.

Lincoln grieves over death of brother-in-law, Gen. Ben Hardin Helm (CSA) killed at Chickamauga, Ga. Helm, Mary, 216-17.

Reviews Battle of Chickamauga at cabinet meeting. Sec. Chase shows him printed scheme for testimonial to Gen. McClellan being circulated in army for subscriptions. Official Records—Armies 549-50.

President at Gen. Halleck's office for conference. Journal, Samuel P. Heintzelman Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

Recognizes John E. Brown as vice consul of Denmark for Maine and C. F. J. Moder as vice consul of Denmark for Wisconsin. Washington Chronicle, 25 September 1863.

Exchanges telegrams with Mrs. Lincoln, who is preparing to leave New York. Abraham Lincoln to Mary Lincoln, 22 September 1863, CW, 6:474.

Cabinet meets. Withdrawal of Gen. Fremont (resigned) from presidential race is principal topic of discussion. Randall, Lincoln, 4:230.

President interviews Sen. Chandler (Mich.) and State Sen. David H. Jerome (Mich.) regarding support of Lincoln by Sen. Wade (Ohio) and Cong. Davis (Md.). Charles Moore, "Zachariah Chandler in Lincoln's Second Campaign," Century Magazine 50 (1895):476-77.

Explains to Gen. Grant that recruiting in prisoner depot in Illinois was in no way associated with Sec. Stanton . Abraham Lincoln to Ulysses S. Grant, 22 September 1864, CW, 8:17-18.